Impromptu Speaking Without the Fear and Panic

by Richard L. Weaver II

Some people have defined impromptu speaking as public speaking on the spur-of-the-moment without preparation. It is precisely this definition and especially the last two words that instill fear and panic in many people. And yet seldom is an impromptu speech given without preparation! If the “preparation problem” is resolved, much of the fear and panic associated with impromptu speaking can be substantially reduced or, at the very least, controlled.

Let’s begin, then, by defining and explaining what “preparation” means. If the definition of preparation is thorough research and investigation then “Yes,” impromptu speaking can involve no thorough research or investigation at that time. But seldom does any speech include only thorough research and investigation. Those, indeed, are often formal speeches planned well in advance of the occasion. Too, they could be those intended to fulfill classroom assignments.

“Preparation,” however, especially for impromptu speeches, encompasses far, far more. Far more than thorough research and investigation! To examine all that “preparation” encompasses should assist in reducing some of the fear and panic — especially because speakers are much better “prepared” than they, at first, may realize.

To begin, it’s important to understand that seldom are you asked to give an impromptu speech for which you have no background knowledge and experience. In many cases, the invitation to give such a speech occurs because of a person’s special expertise in a given area. In this way, a person can use that “special” expertise to enlarge, enumerate, and expand on a topic. For the most part, and for most people, this is an opportunity just ripe for the picking. When in a strange or new town, just ask a local resident to tell you what to see, where to eat, or how to get to a special location, and you will quickly be an audience of one for a unique impromptu experience!

Seldom, if ever, is anyone asked to give (or would volunteer to give) a speech that reveals his or her total ignorance or naivete. The best advice if such a circumstance occurred would be to admit your lack of knowledge: “I’m sorry, I have little knowledge or experience on this topic. Please forgive me if I decline your offer to speak on this issue at this time.” Having a couple of sentences in reserve if you are ever asked to give a speech on a topic on which you are unprepared can help relieve a great deal of stress and unwanted (or unneeded) anxiety.

How prepared are you in impromptu-speaking situations? First, if you are aware of the circumstances in which you find yourself (or can even anticipate them), you will have some facts, observations, or insights that merit comment. A previous speaker may have made a remark that deserves your attention. A current or evolving situation may have captured your attention or that of your listeners. Even an interruption or strange occurrence might need, at the least, a slight reference or acknowledgment. Sometimes it is just these opening comments that will calm your mind and give your brain enough time to assemble some additional ideas.

Second, if you keep up with the news and current events explained and developed in your local newspapers, magazines, television, and the Internet, you have a large reserve of information you can draw upon to shed light on the issue at hand or, perhaps, to put the issue into some current or historical context. Try to see the bigger picture to which this issue relates or, pretend it is a single tree in a large forest of ideas, and it is your job to help define or describe the forest. In this way the issue gains meaning, relevance, and worth.

Third, if you are a reader, think of the books, articles, and essays that you have read that provide fodder for impromptu situations. Think about any quotations that may apply, author anecdotes, or critical insights you can share that have been written about by others. Often, such ideas — especially when cited on the spur-of-the-moment like this, can add substantially to your credibility and expertise.

Fourth, listen closely to the conversations of others. Realize, first, that if you are talking you are not listening. It isn’t that you necessarily want to use their ideas as your own — although that is permissible in such situations (especially if a person will be in your audience and you can acknowledge that person and your indebtedness) — but, often people offer an idea to which you can respond, an alternative you can recommend, or a different approach you can suggest.

Fifth, depend on yourself. You have a wealth of information in your “storehouse of useless knowledge”! Although an event or issue may appear, at first, as just another scrap to add to the storehouse, that morsel can become a treasured nugget in just such situations. Suddenly, that little piece of knowledge can become the finger food that leads to a feast of new ideas, thoughts, plans, and visions. When you are a “sponge for knowledge” you build a foundation for the unexpected.

Sixth, you have viewpoints, positions, beliefs, attitudes, needs and values that you have accumulated as a result of living your everyday life. You are not a blank slate, and to draw from your own, well-developed and securely established fount of ideas will add to any public-speaking effort and make it personal and unique. In some cases, this is all that is being requested when you are asked to deliver an impromptu speech, and in many cases, this is all that can be expected.

What you must understand in every impromptu situation, your listeners clearly understand the situation, and the expectations of you and your performance are not the same as they would be for an address, a formal speech, or a planned presentation. The expectations of audience members will correspond precisely with the nature of the circumstances.

With a few ideas in mind, tell your listeners what you plan to say, say it, then tell them what you said. Another organizational scheme is simply to provide an introduction — perhaps just a brief look at the current situation — a point or two for the body of the speech (a fact and a personal example may be sufficient), and a final thought, quotation, or additional insight as a conclusion.

Impromptu speeches do not need to invoke fear and panic. You are far better prepared than you think, audience expectations correspond with the situation at hand, and with just a simple organizational scheme, you can master the circumstances just like a professional would.

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At http://www.mpdailyfix.com/2007/04/steps_to_better_impromptu_spea.html, at a web site entitled MarketingProfs: Daily Fix, Paul Barsch writes an essay entitled, “Steps to Better Impromptu Speaking,” and nicely extends the comments above by placing an important emphasis on practice. Barsch stresses the importance of organizations like Toastmasters for practicing, and he discusses the need to practice speaking on familiar topics as well.

At this web site — http://www.hawaii.edu/mauispeech/html/impromptuspeaking.html — Ron St. John, speech instructor at the Maui Community College, has constructed one of the outstanding public speaking sites on the Web. On this page are “Impromptu Speaking Tips,” and the five he lists include: 1) Start strong; 2) Choose a specific illustration, example, or experience; 3) Don’t try to cover too much; 4) Never apologize, and 5) Finish conclusively. In addition to this information you will discover almost anything you want to know about public speaking.

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Contact Richard L. Weaver II